The first step of the Social Democratic Party of Germany is at the foundation, in the May 23, 1863, the General Workers' Association of Germany (in German Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein, ADAV, the first German organization working) on the part of Ferdinand Lassalle . It is a social organization of reformist character, who did not participate in the German Marxists.
The following year he founded the Workers' International Association (TIA, or First International), and in 1868 came at the Nuremberg Congress of Cultural Workers' Associations in Germany, where participating organizations have joined the International, and in 1869 Congress was held constituent of the Socialist Workers Party of Germany (Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands, German, SDAP). The new Labor Party, led by Wilhelm Liebknecht, and in order to Marxism, adopted at the congress called Eisenach Program (for the city in which I am), which defined the game as the German section of the AIT and demanded among other things, the separation between church and state, universal male suffrage, the replacement of the imperial army by a popular militia, the abolition of child labor and establish a normal working day, the development of a progressive tax and state support to cooperatives.
In 1875, the Congress of Gotha, was the unification of the association lassalleana with eisenachianos in the new Socialist Party of German Workers (Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands, SAPD). SAPD adopted as the first program called Gotha Program, which received heavy criticism of Marx and Engels to incorporate too many concessions to ideological, political theory lassalleana. In 1890 adopted the present name.
Otto von Bismarck put the game beyond the law in 1878 for his positions and his revolutionary republicanism, although the party continued to candidates as independents in elections, becoming the largest party in Germany. In 1890 it was legalized again, counting on this year, in the general election with 1,400,000 votes he got 35 deputies in the Reichstag. Also had 19 dailies and 41 weeklies, including its theoretical organ Die Neue Zeit (1883-1923, 6000 copies). In 1905 it had 400,000 members. In 1912 she became the first force of the German parliament with 110 deputies to 409.
In 1891 Congress adopted the SPD replace the Gotha Program of the Erfurt Program, developed by Karl Kautsky, August Bebel and Eduard Bernstein, in a sense more radical revolutionary than the last. However, the party assumes that the social transformation of society must be a government BY legitimized by democratic elections.
During the First World War supported the participation of Germany in the war, which led to the departure from the party in 1917, its left wing, which formed the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD), and the League Spartakists. The latter led to the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) in 1918.
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